Although there are many kinds of ultrasonic cleaning machines, they all have to have three basic components, which are the tank containing cleaning fluid, the transducer converting electric energy into mechanical energy and the ultrasonic generator generating high-frequency electrical signals. Of course, in order to get the ideal cleaning effect, the selection of cleaning agent is also very important.

關于超聲波清洗機的清洗劑，要想到清洗劑對污物的清洗原理及清洗過程。超聲波清洗機所用的清洗劑多為液體洗滌劑，組成模式為表面活性劑、贅合劑、其他助劑。

About the cleaning agent of ultrasonic cleaning machine, we should first think about the cleaning principle and cleaning process. Most of the cleaning agents used in the ultrasonic cleaning machine are liquid detergents, which are composed of surfactants, additives and other additives.

某物質當其溶于水即使?jié)舛群苄r，能顯著降低水同空氣的表面張力，或水同其他物質的界面張力，則該物質稱為表面活性劑。水溶性表面活性劑的分子結構都具有不對稱的、極性的特點。

When a substance is dissolved in water, even if its concentration is very small, it can significantly reduce the surface tension between water and air, or the interfacial tension between water and other substances. The molecular structures of water-soluble surfactants are asymmetric and polar.

分子中同時具有親水基和親油基，由于這種不對稱的極性結構，表面活性劑被定向吸附在水溶液同其他相的界面上，這樣大大改變了體系的物理性質，特別是各相界面的界面張力。根據表面活性劑溶于水時親水基團所表現出來的電性，可把表面活性劑分為陰離子、陽離子、中性及兩性表面活性劑。

Because of the asymmetric polar structure, the surfactant is adsorbed on the interface between aqueous solution and other phases, which greatly changes the physical properties of the system, especially the interfacial tension of each phase. Surfactants can be divided into anionic, cationic, neutral and amphoteric surfactants according to the electric properties of hydrophilic groups when they are dissolved in water.

某些助劑的加入，再起到緩沖作用，使洗滌劑的PH值能維持穩(wěn)定；對金屬的抗腐蝕作用；能增加洗滌劑的乳化能力和乳化穩(wěn)定性；可使溶液具有很好的懸浮能力和穩(wěn)定懸浮系統(tǒng)的能力，可防止污垢再次沉降。

The pH value of the detergent can be kept stable by adding some auxiliaries; Corrosion resistance to metals; It can increase the emulsifying capacity and stability of detergent; It can make the solution have a good suspension capacity and the ability to stabilize the suspension system, and can prevent the dirt from settling again.

超聲波清洗機除用于清洗外，還可以廣泛的應用于脫氣、消泡、乳化、混勻、置換、提取、粉料粉碎及細胞粉碎。其中液相脫氣已成為超聲波清洗機除清洗外的一個主要應用之一，也成為液相儀器必備工具之一。

In addition to cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning machine can also be widely used in degassing, defoaming, emulsification, mixing, replacement, extraction, powder crushing and cell crushing. Among them, liquid degassing has become one of the main applications of ultrasonic cleaning machine in addition to cleaning, and also one of the necessary tools for liquid instruments.

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